Class 10th Science NCERT book chapter 15 Our Environment solution pdf download

NCERT solutions for class 10 science chapter 15 our environment:  These solutions are very beneficial for the students to understand the concept of Chapter 15  Our environment thoroughly. These solutions are based on the NCERT Science book for CBSE and prepared by our subject expert for students to clear the doubts and completely understand the concept. We have tried to provide the Solution in the simplest form and in the easiest language to understand the concept and prepare for the Class  10th CBSE science examination. We recommend students to read the questions and answers carefully to score good marks in the Examination. Now, we will discuss the topics in brief which are covered in this chapter. What happens when we add our waste to the environment. In this topic, students will read about the impact of humans activity on the environment and how wastes generated by us can harm our Ecosystem. Importance of our Ecosystem - and its components. In the importance of Ecosystem students will read about the damages done by humans to the environment, why the ecosystem is important for sustaining life, and how can we save our Ecosystem. Ozone layer and How it is getting depleted. In this topic, NCERT discussed what is the ozone layer, how it is formed, why it is depleting, and what are the steps taken to prevent ozone depletion. In short, students will read about the importance of the ozone layer. Managing the garbage we produce. Through this topic, NCERT and CBSE want to educate the students about the importance of managing the garbage we produce.

You can find the Solutions for chapter 15 on this article in both the format (i) PDF file (ii) written form. Students can get solutions in their preferred format. They can download the pdf to store for future reading in their devices or they can read the solutions directly from our article to save the storage and quick access to the solutions. ncert class 10 science chapter 15 solutions download pdf

Class 10th Science NCERT Chapter-15 Our Environment Solutions (Solved In-text and Exercise Questions) 

Q1. Which of the following groups contain only biodegradable items?

        (a) Grass, flowers, and leather

        (b) Grass, wood, and plastic

        (c) Fruit-peels, cake, and lime-juice

        (d) Cake, wood, and grass

Ans. (a) Grass, flowers, and leather

        (c) Fruit-peels, cake, and lime-juice

        (d) Cake, wood, and grass

Q2. Which of the following constitute a food-chain?

        (a) Grass, wheat, and mango

        (b) Grass, goat, and human

        (c) Goat, cow, and elephant

        (d) Grass, fish, and goat

Ans. (b) Grass, goat, and human

Q3. Which of the following are environment-friendly practices?

        (a) Carrying cloth-bags to put purchases in while shopping

        (b) Switching off unnecessary lights and fans

        (c) Walking to school instead of getting your mother to drop you on her scooter

        (d) All of the above

Ans. (d) All of the above

Q4. What will happen if we kill all the organisms in one trophic level?

Ans. If we kill all the organisms in one trophic level, then the transfer of energy and matter to the next higher level will stop. It will lead to the depletion of animals in one level and overpopulation at the other level. This would create an imbalance in the ecosystem and seriously disturb the food chain.

For  Example: If we kill all the herbivores, then carnivores depend on herbivores will start dying and the food of herbivores (plants) will start increasing on a 2x rate.

Q5. Will the impact of removing all the organisms in a trophic level be different for different trophic levels? Can the organisms of any trophic level be removed without causing any damage to the ecosystem?

Ans. Yes, the impact of removing all the organisms in a trophic level will be different for different trophic levels. For Example, If we remove all the Plants, it will cause to death of all herbivores, and depletion of herbivores will affect carnivores. Removal of all carnivores will cause to increase in the population of herbivores and increased herbivores will consume plants faster. None of the organisms can be removed from any trophic level, it will disturb the fair chain and may cause an imbalance in the ecosystem.

Q6. What is the biological magnification? Will the levels of this magnification be different at different levels of the ecosystem?

Ans. We use several pesticides and other chemicals to protect our crops from diseases and pests. These chemicals are either washed down into the soil or into the water bodies. From the soil, these are absorbed by the plants along with water and minerals, and from the water bodies, these are taken up by aquatic plants and animals. This is one of the ways in which they enter the food chain. As these chemicals are not degradable, these get accumulated progressively at each trophic level. As human beings occupy the top level in any food chain, the maximum concentration of these chemicals get accumulated in our bodies. This phenomenon is known as biological magnification. Yes, the concentration of these harmful chemicals will be different at different trophic levels.

Q7. What are the problems caused by the non-biodegradable wastes that we generate?

Ans. Substances that are not broken down in this manner are said to be non-biodegradable. These substances may be inert and simply persist in the environment for a long time or may harm the various members of the eco-system. The problems caused by the non-biodegradable wastes are discussed  below:

1. Non-biodegradable wastes cannot be decomposed by microorganisms.
2. Non-biodegradable wastes like heavy metals can enter the food chain and disturb the trophic levels.
3. Dumping of these wastes becoming a  problem as the use of these materials is increased.
4. As for microorganisms cant decompose these substances, they stay in the ecosystem for a long time.
5. They can enter Groundwater and cause soil infertility

Q8. If all the waste we generate is biodegradable, will this have no impact on the environment?

Ans. Substances that are broken down by biological processes are said to be biodegradable. Microorganisms break the complex substances into simpler substances which can be used by the plants as a raw material. But the increase in the biodegradable waste can also harm the environment. 

Following are the impacts on the environment:

• Biodegradable wastes have a slow decomposition process, they produce the bad  smell and it is also harmful to the human's health
• Many organisms may start breeding at the dumping place and cause harm to the health of every living being.
• As  the biodegradable waste increase, problem to dump it will also increase and a huge area of land will be occupied by the wastes

Q9. Why is damage to the ozone layer a cause for concern? What steps are being taken to limit this damage?

Ans.  The ozone layer is a protective layer of earth at the higher levels of the atmosphere. It shields the surface of the earth from ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun. This radiation is highly damaging to organisms, for example, it is known to cause skin cancer in human beings. UV rays are responsible for the damage to human beings, animals, and plants. CFCs are the main reason for the damage of the ozone layer. 

In 1987, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) succeeded in forging an agreement to freeze CFC production at 1986 levels. Activity 

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